499 lines
13 KiB
Python
499 lines
13 KiB
Python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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脚本说明：
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本脚本用于KANO需求分析，能够处理问卷数据并输出需求分类结果
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"""
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import pandas
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import prettytable
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print("1 打开并读取Excel文件...", end="")
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try:
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dataset = pandas.read_excel(io="KANO模型客户调研问卷.xlsx", sheet_name="问卷结果")
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# 选项范围
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alternatives = ["非常满意", "理应如此", "无所谓", "勉强接受", "不满意"]
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# 数据清洗
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dataset = (
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dataset.iloc[
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:, 3:
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] # 原始数据第一列为编号、第二列为提交人、第三列为提交时间，从第四列到最后一列为选项，删除第一列至第三列
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.loc[lambda dataframe: dataframe.nunique(axis=1) != 1] # 删除相同选项的样本
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.map(
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lambda cell: cell if cell in alternatives else pandas.NA
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) # 检查是否在选项范围，若不在选项范围则置为缺失值
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.dropna(axis="index", how="any") # 删除缺失值
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)
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# 统计样本数
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samples_size = dataset.shape[0]
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# 若样本数为0则抛出异常
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if samples_size == 0:
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raise Exception("样本数为0")
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# 统计列数
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columns_counts = dataset.shape[1]
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# 若列数非奇数则抛出异常
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if columns_counts % 2 != 0:
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raise Exception("列数为奇数")
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print(f"已完成，样本数为{samples_size}")
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except Exception as exception:
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print(f"发生异常：{str(exception)}")
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exit()
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# 读取问卷题目和答案（从第7列开始为题目或答案）
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DataSet = DataSet.iloc[:, 6:]
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# 统计数据集中样本数量和题目数量
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Sample_Size, Question_Amount = DataSet.shape
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# 判断题目数量是否为偶数，若为偶数则计算问卷中涉及需求数量，若为奇数则终止脚本
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if Question_Amount % 2 == 0:
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# 计算问卷中涉及需求数量
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Requirement_Amount = int(Question_Amount / 2)
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else:
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print("题目数量为奇数，请检查")
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print("")
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exit()
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print(
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"数据集中包含 %d 份样本， %d 个问题（涉及 %d 个需求）"
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% (Sample_Size, Question_Amount, Requirement_Amount)
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)
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print("")
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print("*" * 100)
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print("")
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print("2 数据预处理")
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print("")
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print("2.1 检查并删除不规范样本")
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print("")
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# 定义问卷中备选答案列表
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Alternatives = ["我很喜欢", "理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受", "我很不喜欢"]
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# 检查答案是否在指定范围，若否则将该答案定义为空值
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DataSet = DataSet.applymap(lambda x: x if x in Alternatives else None)
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# 删除包含缺失值的样本
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DataSet.dropna(axis="index", how="any", inplace=True)
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# 删除答案全部相同的样本
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DataSet = DataSet[DataSet.apply(pandas.Series.nunique, axis="columns") != 1]
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# 统计有效样本数量
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Sample_Size = DataSet.shape[0]
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print("处理后，有效样本数量为 %d 份" % (Sample_Size))
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print("")
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print("*" * 100)
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print("")
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print("3 数据处理")
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print("")
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Requirement_Labels = DataSet.columns.tolist()
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# 通过问题截取需求名称（截取'有'右侧、'，'左侧字符串）
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Requirement_Labels = [
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x[x.find("有") + 1 : x.find("，")]
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for x in Requirement_Labels
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if isinstance(x, str) and "具有" in x
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]
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print("3.1 绘制KANO评价结果分类对照表")
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print("")
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for Question_Number in range(Requirement_Amount):
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# 创建KANO评价结果分类对照表
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KANO = pandas.DataFrame(data=[], index=Alternatives, columns=Alternatives)
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for Column_Label in Alternatives:
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for Index_Label in Alternatives:
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# 统计并赋值
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KANO.loc[Index_Label, Column_Label] = DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin([Index_Label]))
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& (DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin([Column_Label])),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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# 修改行名
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KANO.index = [
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"Provide_Like",
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"Provide_Should",
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"Provide_Indifferent",
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"Provide_Grudging",
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"Provide_Hate",
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]
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# 重置索引
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KANO.reset_index(inplace=True)
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# 修改列名
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KANO.columns = [
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"",
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"Not_Provide_Like",
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"Not_Provide_Should",
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"Not_Provide_Indifferent",
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"Not_Provide_Grudging",
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"Not_Provide_Hate",
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]
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# 打印表格
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PrintTable = prettytable.PrettyTable()
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PrintTable.field_names = KANO.columns.tolist()
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for Index in KANO.index.tolist():
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PrintTable.add_row(KANO.loc[Index])
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PrintTable.align = "r"
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PrintTable.align[""] = "l"
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PrintTable.float_format = "."
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print(
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"附表 需求%d：%s的KANO评价结果分类对照表："
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% (Question_Number + 1, Requirement_Labels[Question_Number])
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)
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print(PrintTable)
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print("")
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print("字段说明：")
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print(
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"1）Not_Provide_Like为不提供该需求、用户表示“我很喜欢”，Not_Provide_Should为不提供该需求、用户表示“理所应当”，Not_Provide_Indifferent为不提供该需求、用户表示“无所谓”，Not_Provide_Grudging为不提供该需求、用户表示“勉强接受”，Not_Provide_Hate为不提供该需求、用户表示“我很不喜欢”。"
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)
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print(
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"1）Provide_Like为提供该需求、用户表示“我很喜欢”，Provide_Should为提供该需求、用户表示“理所应当”，Provide_Indifferent为提供该需求、用户表示“无所谓”，Provide_Grudging为提供该需求、用户表示“勉强接受”，Provide_Hate为不提供该需求、用户表示“我很不喜欢”。"
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)
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print("")
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print("3.2 计算KANO评价维度")
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print("")
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# 创建KANO各维度分数表
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KANO_Report = pandas.DataFrame(
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data=[],
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columns=[
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"Requirement_Label",
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"A_Score",
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"O_Score",
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"M_Score",
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"I_Score",
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"R_Score",
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"Q_Score",
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],
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dtype="float",
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)
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KANO_Report["Requirement_Label"] = Requirement_Labels
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for Question_Number in range(Requirement_Amount):
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# 计算兴奋型需求分数
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A_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["我很喜欢"]))
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& (
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DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(
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["理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受"]
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)
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),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "A_Score"] = A_Score
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# 计算期望型需求分数
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O_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["我很喜欢"]))
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& (DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(["我很不喜欢"])),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "O_Score"] = O_Score
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# 计算必备型需求分数
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M_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受"]))
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& (DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(["我很不喜欢"])),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "M_Score"] = M_Score
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# 计算无差型需求分数
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I_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受"]))
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& (
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DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(
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["理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受"]
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)
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),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "I_Score"] = I_Score
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# 计算反向型需求分数
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R_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(
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DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(
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["理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受", "我很不喜欢"]
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)
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)
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& (
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DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(
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["我很喜欢", "理所应当", "无所谓", "勉强接受"]
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)
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),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100
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- I_Score,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "R_Score"] = R_Score
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# 计算可疑型需求分数
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Q_Score = round(
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DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["我很喜欢"]))
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& (DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(["我很喜欢"])),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100
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+ DataSet.loc[
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(DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number].isin(["我很不喜欢"]))
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& (DataSet.iloc[:, Question_Number + 1].isin(["我很不喜欢"])),
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:,
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].shape[0]
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/ Sample_Size
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* 100,
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2,
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)
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KANO_Report.loc[Question_Number, "Q_Score"] = Q_Score
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# 打印表格
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PrintTable = prettytable.PrettyTable()
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PrintTable.field_names = KANO_Report.columns.tolist()
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for Index in KANO_Report.index.tolist():
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PrintTable.add_row(KANO_Report.loc[Index])
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PrintTable.align["Requirement_Label"] = "l"
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PrintTable.align["A_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["O_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["M_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["I_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["R_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["Q_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["Better_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["Worse_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.float_format["A_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["O_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["M_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["I_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["R_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["Q_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["Better_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["Worse_Score"] = ".2"
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print("附表 各需求的KANO评价维度计算结果：")
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print(
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PrintTable.get_string(
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fields=[
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"Requirement_Label",
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"A_Score",
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"O_Score",
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"M_Score",
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"I_Score",
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"R_Score",
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"Q_Score",
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]
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)
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)
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print("字段说明：")
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print(
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"1）Requirement_Label为需求名称，A_Score为兴奋型需求分数，O_Score为期望型需求分数，M_Score为必备型需求分数，I_Score为无差型需求分数，R_Score为反向型需求分数，Q_Score为可疑型需求分数。"
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)
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print("")
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print("3.3 定义需求类型和Better-Worse分数")
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print("")
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# 以KANO评价维度中最高分定义需求类型
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Requirement_Types = list(
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KANO_Report[
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["A_Score", "O_Score", "M_Score", "I_Score", "R_Score", "Q_Score"]
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].idxmax(axis="columns")
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)
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# 通过列名截取需求类型（第一位、'_'左侧字符串）
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Requirement_Types = [
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x[0 : x.find("_")] for x in Requirement_Types if isinstance(x, str)
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]
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KANO_Report["Requirement_Type"] = Requirement_Types
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# 计算Better分数
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KANO_Report["Better_Score"] = (
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(KANO_Report["A_Score"] + KANO_Report["O_Score"])
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/ (
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KANO_Report["A_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["O_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["M_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["I_Score"]
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)
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* 100
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)
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# 计算Worse分数
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KANO_Report["Worse_Score"] = (
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-1
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* (KANO_Report["O_Score"] + KANO_Report["M_Score"])
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/ (
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KANO_Report["A_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["O_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["M_Score"]
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+ KANO_Report["I_Score"]
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)
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* 100
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)
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# 打印表格
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PrintTable = prettytable.PrettyTable()
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PrintTable.field_names = KANO_Report.columns.tolist()
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for Index in KANO_Report.index.tolist():
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PrintTable.add_row(KANO_Report.loc[Index])
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PrintTable.align["Requirement_Label"] = "l"
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PrintTable.align["Requirement_Type"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["Better_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.align["Worse_Score"] = "r"
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PrintTable.float_format["Better_Score"] = ".2"
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PrintTable.float_format["Worse_Score"] = ".2"
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print("附表 各需求的KANO评价维度计算结果：")
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print(
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PrintTable.get_string(
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fields=["Requirement_Label", "Requirement_Type", "Better_Score", "Worse_Score"]
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)
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)
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print("字段说明：")
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print("1）Requirement_Label为需求名称，Requirement_Type为需求类型。")
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print(
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"2）A为兴奋型需求：表示产品具有该种需求，则用户满意度会提高；没有该种需求，则用户满意度不会降低。建议给予P3关注。"
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)
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print(
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"3）O为期望型需求：表示产品具有该种需求，则用户满意度会提高；没有该种需求，则用户满意度会降低。建议给予P1关注。"
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)
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print(
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"4）M为必备型需求：表示产品具有该种需求，则用户满意度不会提高；没有该种需求，则用户满意度会降低。建议给予P2关注。"
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)
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print(
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"5）I为无差型需求：表示产品具有该种需求，则用户满意度不会提高；没有该种需求，则用户满意度不会降低。建议给予P4关注。"
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)
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print("6）R为反向型需求：建议给予关注。")
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print("7）Q为可疑型需求：建议给予关注。")
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print(
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"8）Better_Score为Better分数。表示如果产品具有某种需求，则用户满意度会提高，数值越大提高越大。"
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)
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print(
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"9）Worse_Score为Worse分数。表示如果产品没有某种需求，则用户满意度会下降，数值越小下降越大。"
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)
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print("")
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